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In 2005, six organizations, including EIP, filed a challenge to the U.S. EPA's indefinite grant of amnesty from the Clean Air Act, CERCLA, and EPCRA in exchange for minimal fines and payments to finance a monitoring project. Although EPA justifies the Air Compliance Agreement on the basis that it has insufficient data about emissions from Animal Feeding Operations, fewer than 30 of the 14,000 facilities will be required to monitor their emissions. In the petition for review to the D.C. Circuit, the organizations argue that the Air Compliance Agreement is an illegal rule that defers compliance with environmental laws for Animal Feeding Operations.